Finite Element as a Tool in Assessing the Dynamic Response of Buildings to Blast Loading

This paper on "Finite Element as a Tool in Assessing the Dynamic Response of Buildings to Blast Loading" was presented at the NAFEMS World Congress on The Evolution of Product Simulation From Established Methods to Virtual Testing & Prototyping - 24-28 April 2001, The Grand Hotel, Lake Como, Italy.

Abstract

The number of bombing attacks on modern societies has increased dramatically in recent years calling structural engineers to consider explosion loading more seriously in their design. In the UK alone, four major bombing incidents took place within the last five years; the St Mary's Axe and Bishopsgate bombs were detonated in the heart of London in April 1992 and April 1993 respectively, and the latest being in Manchester in June 1996. The author was involved in the investigation of damage and reinstatement of over twenty commercial buildings of different sizes, construction and degrees of damage following these incidents. Numerical analysis was carried out on few of the damaged buildings in order to investigate their dynamic response to bomb blast and highlight areas that have been over-stressed. This, in conjunction with laboratory and on-site testing, formed the main tools in assessing the structural integrity of these buildings. Further research work is carried out at the University of Westminster as part of two MSc projects under the supervision of the author. This paper presents the technique used in assessing the structural integrity of bomb damaged buildings through the application of finite element method and laboratory / on-site testing. It discusses the reliability of FEA in highlighting areas of over-stressing in the structure and minimising the extent, and hence cost, of testing and investigation of the structural damage.